Are There Uterine Fibroid Embolisation Disadvantages?

Uterine fibroid embolisation is a minimally invasive procedure with a strong safety profile, but it’s important to understand potential risks. While most women recover without issues, one of the uterine fibroid embolisation disadvantages is that some may experience complications that should be considered before undergoing treatment.

Risks and Complications of Uterine Fibroid Embolisation

Infection and Uterine Damage

Though rare, infections such as endometritis or pelvic inflammatory disease can develop after uterine fibroid embolisation. These may require antibiotics, and in very uncommon cases, untreated infections could lead to uterine damage. In severe instances, this may necessitate further medical intervention.

Vascular and Nerve Injuries

A small percentage of women may experience vascular or nerve injuries at the groin puncture site. This can lead to discomfort or, in rare cases, affect blood flow to nearby areas. Proper post-procedure care can help reduce these risks.

Fibroid Passage and Recurrence

Following uterine fibroid embolisation, some fibroids may shrink and pass through the uterus, causing temporary cramping or discharge. While the procedure is effective for reducing symptoms, new fibroids can develop over time, potentially requiring additional treatment.

Blood Clots and Circulation Issues

A rare but serious risk of uterine fibroid embolisation is the development of blood clots, such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. These complications are uncommon but highlight the importance of a thorough health assessment before proceeding with the procedure.

Changes in Menstrual Cycle and Hormonal Effects

Some women notice changes in their menstrual cycle after uterine fibroid embolisation, especially those approaching menopause. In rare cases, ovarian function may be affected, possibly leading to early menopause, though this is uncommon in younger women.

Being aware of these potential risks allows for better decision-making when considering uterine fibroid embolisation. Working closely with a healthcare provider can help assess whether this treatment is the right option based on individual health factors.

Managing Post-Procedure Side Effects

After UFE, recovery comes with temporary side effects as the body adjusts. These symptoms are usually manageable and improve with time.

Common Symptoms After UFE

One of the most frequent post-procedure experiences is postembolization syndrome. This can cause cramping, nausea, fatigue, and a low-grade fever. Symptoms typically develop within a few hours or days after UFE and may last up to a week. Rest, hydration, and prescribed pain relief can help ease discomfort.

Some women may notice mild swelling or bruising at the groin puncture site, known as a hematoma. While this can be tender, it usually fades within a few weeks. Staying active and drinking fluids can aid recovery and reduce complications.

Bowel and Bladder Changes

Temporary digestive changes such as constipation or bloating may occur due to pressure on the intestines. Eating fiber-rich foods and staying hydrated can help regulate bowel movements. Some women also experience urinary urgency or difficulty fully emptying the bladder, but this generally resolves as healing progresses.

Pain During Recovery

It’s possible to feel discomfort during intercourse in the weeks following the procedure as the uterus heals. While this is usually temporary, speaking with a doctor can help address ongoing concerns.

In rare instances, an allergic reaction to the contrast dye used during the procedure may appear, causing itching, rash, or breathing difficulties. If any of these symptoms occur, seek medical attention immediately.

Most women recover from these side effects within a few weeks, experiencing significant symptom relief as their body adapts.

Long-Term Effects of Uterine Fibroid Embolisation

Uterine fibroid embolisation (UFE) is an effective treatment for managing fibroid symptoms, but its long-term impact varies among women. While many experience relief from heavy bleeding and pelvic pain, others may see fibroid symptoms return. Studies suggest that up to 25% of women may have fibroid regrowth within five years. Although UFE significantly reduces fibroid size, it does not prevent new fibroids from forming over time.

Uterine Fibroid Embolisation and Fertility

For women considering pregnancy, fertility is a key factor when weighing treatment options. UFE may impact blood flow to the uterus, which could influence the ability to conceive. Some research indicates a slightly increased risk of pregnancy complications, such as miscarriage or issues with placental attachment. However, many women have successfully conceived following the procedure. Those actively trying to conceive may find that myomectomy, which removes fibroids while preserving the uterus, provides better outcomes for future pregnancy.

Hormonal and Ovarian Function After Uterine Fibroid Embolisation

Another consideration is potential changes in ovarian function. While uncommon, some women—particularly those over 40—may experience shifts in hormone levels that could lead to early menopause. Studies indicate that for women under 45, the risk of menstrual cycles stopping altogether is low (less than 2%).

Evaluating Treatment Options for Long-Term Health

While UFE is a minimally invasive procedure that offers symptom relief for many, it may not be the best choice for everyone. Women hoping to conceive or concerned about long-term reproductive health should explore all available options. Consulting a healthcare provider will help determine the most suitable treatment to align with future fertility goals and overall well-being.

Take Charge of Your Uterine Health

Understanding the potential risks and long-term effects of uterine fibroid embolisation is crucial for making informed decisions about your health. At Minima Radiology, we are committed to providing comprehensive care and personalised guidance tailored to your individual needs. If you have concerns or questions about how UFE may impact your future well-being, reach out today for a consultation with our expert team.

Contact Minima radiology for more information to take the first step towards empowering your health choices—knowledge and expert guidance are just a call away.